From Clinic to Policy: Advancing Sustainable Dentistry through Public Health Systems
Sustainable Dentistry and Public Health
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Dentistry generates significant biomedical waste, utilizes energy-intensive resources, and employs materials harmful to the environment, such as dental amalgam. The concept of dental sustainability is in line with international targets like the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Minamata Convention on Mercury.
Aims: This narrative policy review analyzes how dental associations and public health systems may lead policy, educate, advocate, and reform dentistry to make it more sustainable.
Methods: The study was performed based on peer-reviewed sources, as well as international policy and professional guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, WHO, FDI, ADA, NHS, and national regulatory bodies were target sources of evidence. A synthesis of literature on the effects of the environment, sustainability programs, waste management, amalgam phase-down, digital dentistry, and governance of health systems was performed
Result: Worldwide efforts, including the FDI Sustainability in Dentistry Policy Statement (2021) and national strategies, including the NHS Net Zero Plan, show evidence of an ever-growing trend in favor of sustainability in the dental care sector. Nevertheless, lack of financial resources, poor awareness, poor management systems, and inconsistent implementation of policies hinder achievements. Clinical standards can be influenced by dental associations, and the wider change is enabled by the involvement of the regulation, reform of procurement, and development of the infrastructure by the public health systems.
Conclusion: The integration of sustainability in dentistry requires a collaborative effort from both professional associations and public health systems. Improving policy, education, innovation, and regulation can ensure that dentistry contributes positively to both oral health and environmental protection.
Downloads
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2026 Sanjida Haque

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
- Authors retain copyright and acknowledge that the Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science is the first publisher, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citation of published work.
References
Ahmed, A., & Mannan, H. (2024). Sustainability in dentistry: A comprehensive review. Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research and Education, 14(1), 19–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14559286
Al-Buhaisi, D., Karami, S., & Gomaa, N. (2024). The role of teledentistry in improving oral health outcomes and access to dental care: An umbrella review. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.13836
Ashiquzzaman, M., Haque, M. M., Hossain, M. N., Neeroj, M. H., Ferdaus, M. J., & Khan, M. A. (2024). Evaluating medical waste management practices in health institutions within the Rajshahi City Corporation, Bangladesh. Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology, 23(11), 143–152. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i11629
Bamedhaf, O., Salman, H., Tegginmani, S. A., et al. (2025). Environmental sustainability in the dental curriculum: A scoping review. BMC Medical Education, 25, 844. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-07441-y
Capoor, M. R., & Parida, A. (2021). Current perspectives of biomedical waste management in context of COVID-19. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 39(2), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmmb.2021.03.003
Chaudhary, N., Mahato, S. K., Chaudhary, S., & Bhatiya, B. D. (2015). Biomedical waste management in Nepal: A review. Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, 2(4), 45–52. https://doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v2i4.12070
Deshpande, S. (2024). Green dentistry: A way for sustainable future. Journal of Advanced Dental Practice and Research, 3, 33. https://doi.org/10.25259/JADPR_1_2025
Di Spirito, F., Giordano, F., Di Palo, M. P., De Benedetto, G., Aulisio, L., & Boccia, G. (2025). Sustainable dental and periodontal practice: A narrative review on the 4R-framework—reduce, reuse, rethink, recycle—and waste management rationalization. Dentistry Journal, 13(9), 392. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13090392
FDI World Dental Federation. (2021). FDI policy statement on sustainability in dentistry. International Dental Journal, 71(4), 341–343. https://www.fdiworlddental.org/sustainability-dentistry-statement
Ganguly, R. K., & Chakraborty, S. K. (2024). Plastic waste management during and post COVID-19 pandemic: Challenges and strategies towards circular economy. Heliyon, 10(4), e25613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25613
Hackley, D. M., & Luca, J. (2024). Sustainability in dentistry: An overview for oral healthcare team members. Carbon Management, 14(1), 2422150. https://doi.org/10.1080/19424396.2024.2422150
Haque, S., Nurunnabi, M., & Haque, T. (2024). Saudi dental students’ perceptions on sustainable development goals and sustainable dental practice. BDJ Open, 10(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41405-024-00228-1
Haque, S. (2025). Sustainable development goals and the dental profession in Saudi Arabia: A call to action. Dental Hypotheses, 16(3), 73–75. https://doi.org/10.4103/denthyp.denthyp_22_25
Hegedüs, T., Kreuter, P., Kismarczi-Antalffy, A. A., Demeter, T., Banyai, D., Vegh, A., et al. (2022). User experience and sustainability of 3D printing in dentistry. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4), 1921. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19041921
Khanna, R., Konyukhov, Y., Maslennikov, N., Kolesnikov, E., & Burmistrov, I. (2023). An overview of dental solid waste management and associated environmental impacts: A materials perspective. Sustainability, 15(22), 15953. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215953.
Lakhani, B., & Givati, A. (2024). Perceptions and decision-making of dental professionals to adopting sustainable waste management behaviour: A Theory of Planned Behaviour analysis. British Dental Journal. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-024-7907-5
Leavy, P., Fleming, P., Daly, B., Barry, S., & Burke, S. (2025). Primary oral healthcare in Ireland: A health systems analysis of publicly funded contracted services delivered by the general dental practitioner workforce. BMC Health Services Research, 25(1), 802. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-12884-6
Martin, N., Sheppard, M., Gorasia, G. P., Arora, P., Cooper, M., & Mulligan, S. (2021). Awareness and barriers to sustainability in dentistry: A scoping review. Journal of Dentistry, 112, 103735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103735
Mikayelyan H. (2024): Digitization in dentistry and dental implantology in low- and middle-income countries. In: Kozlakidis Z., Muradyan A., Sargsyan K. (eds): Digitalization of Medicine in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Cham: Springer; Chapter 15. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-62332-5_15
Najeeb, M. I., Nopiah, Z. M., Supian, A. B. M., Tabrej, K., & Sebaey, T. A. (2025). Plant derivatives in single-use medical products: Advancing sustainability in healthcare system. International Journal of Polymer Science, 2025, 2461090. https://doi.org/10.1155/ijps/2461090
NHS England (2020): Delivering a ‘Net Zero’ National Health Service. London: NHS. Available at: https://www.england.nhs.uk/greenernhs/publication/delivering-a-net-zero-national-health-service/
Singh, T., Ghimire, T. R., & Agrawal, S. K. (2018). Awareness of biomedical waste management in dental students in different dental colleges in Nepal. BioMed Research International, 2018, 1742326. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1742326
United Nations (2015): Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. United Nations. https://sdgs.un.org/2030agenda
WHO/UNICEF, 2024. Data update on WASH in health care facilities for 2023. World Health Organization, Geneva. https://washdata.org/reports
Woolen, S. A., Kim, C. J., Hernandez, A. M., Becker, A., Martin, A. J., Kuoy, E., Pevec, W. C., & Tutton, S. (2023). Radiology environmental impact: What is known and how can we improve? Academic Radiology, 30(4), 625–630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2022.10.021
World Health Organization (2013): Minamata Convention on Mercury. Geneva, Switzerland: Author. Available at: https://www.mercuryconvention.org/
Zia, N., Doss, J. G., John, J., & Panezai, J. (2024). Sustainability in dentistry: Assessing knowledge, attitude, and practices of dental practitioners about green dentistry. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 40(1 Part I), 233–241. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.1.7606
Sanjida Haque