The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Time Management Among Managers of Sports Institutions in Iraq
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background of Study: This study investigates the relationship between emotional intelligence and time management among managers of sports institutions in Iraq. Emotional intelligence is considered a critical factor in enhancing managerial performance and optimizing organizational efficiency, while time management is a key competency in achieving administrative effectiveness.
Methods: The study applied a descriptive survey method with a sample of 125 managers from the Iraqi Ministry of Youth and Sports. Two scales were developed—emotional intelligence (20 items) and time management (20 items)—which were validated through expert judgment, discriminant analysis, internal consistency, and Cronbach’s alpha reliability tests. Data were analyzed using t-tests, Pearson correlation, and simple regression.
Result: Findings revealed that both emotional intelligence and time management scores were significantly higher than the theoretical mean (p < 0.001). A strong positive correlation (r = 0.980, p < 0.001) was found between emotional intelligence and time management. Regression analysis indicated that emotional intelligence significantly predicted time management effectiveness, explaining 95.9% of its variance.
Conclusion: Emotional intelligence plays a pivotal role in enhancing time management among sports managers. The study recommends integrating emotional intelligence development into organizational culture and training programs to improve time utilization, administrative efficiency, and overall performance in sports institutions.
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2025 Mustafa Hameed Hussein

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Abebe, D. W., & Singh, D. P. (2023). The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Job Satisfaction, and Job Performance: Empirical Evidence from Public Higher Education Institutions. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 8(3), 45–52. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2023.8.3.1928
Aeon, B., Faber, A., & Panaccio, A. (2021). Does time management work? A meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 16(1 January), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245066
Allen, D. (2015). Getting Things Done: The Art of Stress-Free Productivity (Revised). Penguin.
Calero, A. D., Barreyro, J. P., & Injoque-Ricle, I. (2018). Emotional intelligence and self-perception in adolescents. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 14(3), 632–643. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v14i3.1506
Chaudhary, A. A., Ali, N. Z., Maqsood, N., Nasarullah, A., & Calimlim, R. J. F. (2024). The Influence of Emotional Intelligence in Educational Leadership and School Climate. Journal of Education and Social Studies, 5(2), 453–461. https://doi.org/10.52223/jess.2024.5225
Chen, J., & Guo, W. (2020). Emotional intelligence can make a difference: The impact of principals’ emotional intelligence on teaching strategy mediated by instructional leadership. Educational Management Administration and Leadership, 48(1), 82–105. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143218781066
Hussein, M. H. (2024). Analysis of the Temporal Orientation of the Supervisors of the Specialization of Physical Education in Baghdad. American Journal of Life Science and Innovation, 3(1), 37–43. https://doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v3i1.2508
Hussein, M. H. (2024). The Degree of Exercise of Academic and Sports Freedom among Faculty Members at the Colleges of Physical Education and Sports Sciences in Baghdad. American Journal of Physical Education and Health Science, 2(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.54536/ajpehs.v2i1.2379
Jose, B., & Thomas, A. (2024). Navigating the Research Landscape of Emotional and Social Intelligence Among Young Adults: A Bibliometric Perspective. Cureus, 16(4), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.59130
Kaliappen, N., Suan, C. L., & Szymczyk, K. (2022). Leadership Intelligence for Leading Organizations, in Uncertainty and Complexity. Acta Polytechnica Hungarica, 19(8), 127–141. https://doi.org/10.12700/aph.19.8.2022.8.8
Mariano, L. A., Madel, N. S., & Miranda, A. T. (2022). The Relationship between Time Management Skills and Academic Performance of Working Students in Open High School Program. Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 36(December), 61–66. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2022/v36i2776
Masa’d, F., & Aljawarneh, N. (2020). Administrative creativity and job performance: An Empirical Study at Jadara University. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(8), 9574–9584. https://doi.org/10.37200/IJPR/V24I8/PR280950
Nexus, P. (2025). Modeling the Relationship Between Psychological Capital and Alexithymia with Emotional Divorce Through the Mediation of Spiritual Intelligence in Couples Seeking Divorce. KMAN Counseling & Psychology Nexus, 3(December 2024), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.cp.psynexus.3.14
Odukoya, A. J., Omonijo, D. O., & Olowookere, E. I. (2020). Review of studies on the psychometric properties of mayer–salovey–caruso emotional intelligence test. Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, 12(7 Special Issue), 1961–1968. https://doi.org/10.5373/JARDCS/V12SP7/20202311
Sahni, J. (2020). Managerial training effectiveness: An assessment through Kirkpatrick framework. TEM Journal, 9(3), 1227–1233. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM93-51
Subagio, M., Pujianto, D., & Nopiyanto, Y. E. (2022). Pengaruh latihan drill passing melalui circuit training terhadap kemampuan passing bawah siswa ekstrakulikuler bola voli putra SMP Negeri 10 Kota Bengkulu. SPORT GYMNASTICS : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Jasmani, 3(1), 74–85. https://doi.org/10.33369/gymnastics.v3i1.20611
Mustafa Hameed Hussein